A 32% to 50% increase in the number of elementary children who perform 25 minutes of physical activity three times per week could avoid $21.9 billion in medical costs and lost wages over the course of their lifetimes.

These findings, from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, were published recently in Health Affairs.

In addition, researchers note just a small increase in the frequency of exercise among children ages eight through 11 would also result in 340,000 fewer obese and overweight youth—a reduction of more than 4%. If all current eight- through 11-year-olds in the United States exercised 25 minutes a day, three times a week, the researchers suggest that $62.3 billion in medical costs and lost wages over the course of their lifetimes could be avoided and in 1.2 million fewer youths would be overweight or obese.

These numbers represent cost savings for one cohort of eight-to-11 year olds, so every year that children in this age group reach those levels of physical activity, over $60 billion more will be saved, explains a media release from Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health.

“Physical activity not only makes kids feel better and helps them develop healthy habits, it’s also good for the nation’s bottom line,” says study leader Bruce Y. Lee, MD, MBA, executive director of the Global Obesity Prevention Center at the Bloomberg School, in the release.

“Our findings show that encouraging exercise and investing in physical activity such as school recess and youth sports leagues when kids are young pays big dividends as they grow up.”

In the study, Lee and his colleagues, including team members from the Bloomberg School and the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center at Carnegie Mellon University, developed a computational simulation model utilizing their VPOP (Virtual Population for Obesity Prevention) software platform to represent the current population of US children and to show how changes in levels of physical activity could affect them throughout their lifetime and the resulting economic impact.

The model relied on data from the 2005 and 2013 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) as well as information from the National Center for Health Statistics. The medical costs and the lost wages were calculated in the second model, which looked at the lifetime effects of physical activity.

The researchers also looked at various levels of healthy physical activity, starting with the current average of 32% of children ages eight to 11 who exercise for 25 minutes a day, three days a week, up to 100% doing so. The researchers found that maintaining the current level of physical activity would result in 8.1 million of these youths being overweight or obese by 2020, which would cost $2.8 trillion in additional medical costs and lost wages over their lifetimes. An overweight person’s lifetime medical costs average $62,331 and lost wages average $93,075. For an obese person, these amounts are even greater, the release continues.

“Even modest increases in physical activity could yield billions of dollars in savings,” Lee states. The costs averted are likely an underestimate, he says, as there are other benefits of physical activity that don’t impact weight, such as improving bone density, improving mood and building muscle.

“As the prevalence of childhood obesity grows, so will the value of increasing physical activity,” he adds. “We need to be adding physical education programs and not cutting them. We need to encourage kids to be active, to reduce screen time and get them running around again. It’s important for their physical health—and the nation’s financial health.”

[Source(s): Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Science Daily]